Barangay Maliwanag

Barangay Maliwanag forms part of Esperanza, a municipality in Agusan Del Sur, and is classified as a very small barangay.

According to the 2020 Philippine census, Barangay Maliwanag had a population of 262. This made it the 45th largest of 47 barangays in Esperanza by population, placing it among the smaller barangays of the municipality. Residents of Barangay Maliwanag accounted for approximately 0.44% of the total population of Esperanza, which stood at 59,353 in the same census year.

The barangay recorded 296 residents in the 2015 intercensal count and 262 residents in the 2020 Census — a net change of -11.5%, consistent with a contracting settlement. Barangay Maliwanag is officially classified as rural, a designation applied to barangays with lower population density and predominantly non-built-up land use.

Esperanza is a municipality comprising 47 barangays, and serves as the governing unit directly responsible for local services in Barangay Maliwanag, including public health, sanitation, peace and order, and civil registration. Within the wider province of Agusan Del Sur, which contains 314 barangays across its component cities and municipalities, Barangay Maliwanag ranks 309th by 2020 population. Agusan Del Sur is classified as a 1st by the Bureau of Local Government Finance, a category that reflects the province's annual regular income.

The barangay's legislative and executive affairs are handled by a Punong Barangay and the Sangguniang Barangay, elected nationwide during the Barangay and SK Elections. The next BSKE is scheduled for Monday, November 2, 2026, following the synchronized election schedule set by COMELEC Resolution No. 11191.